Prevalence and incidence of heart failure among community in China during a three-year follow-up / 老年心脏病学杂志（英文版）

BACKGROUND@#Epidemiological surveys on heart failure (HF) in Chinese community are relatively lacking. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and incidence of HF among community residents in southern China.@*METHODS@#Baseline data of this prospective study was collected from 2015 to 2017 among 12,013 permanent residents aged ≥ 35 years in Guangzhou, China. The same survey process was carried out for individuals aged ≥ 65 years after a three-year follow-up.@*RESULTS@#The overall prevalence of HF in community residents aged ≥ 35 years was 1.06%. Male had significantly higher risk of HF prevalence [odds ratio (OR) = 1.50, P = 0.027]. The gender-adjusted risk of HF was 1.48 times higher per 10 years aging. HF prevalence was statistically associated with atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after adjusting for age and gender (OR = 8.30, 5.17, 1.11, 2.28, respectively; all P < 0.05). HF incidence in individuals aged ≥ 65 years were 847 per 100,000 person-years. Baseline atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, and diabetes mellitus were risk factors for HF incidence for individuals aged ≥ 65 years adjusting for age and gender (OR = 5.05, 3.99, 2.11, respectively; all P < 0.05). Besides, residents with new-onset atrial fibrillation and myocardial infarction were at significantly higher risk of progression to HF (OR = 14.41, 8.54, respectively; all P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Both pre-existing and new-onset cardiovascular diseases were associated with HF incidence in southern China. Management of related cardiovascular diseases may be helpful to reduce the incidence of HF.

Improved population coverage of the human papillomavirus vaccine after implementation of a school-based vaccination programme: the Singapore experience

INTRODUCTION@#Cervical cancer has a high disease burden in Singapore, and it is strongly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Despite constant efforts to encourage vaccination, local HPV vaccine uptake remains low. Universal mass vaccination is a proven cost-effective method to reduce the cervical cancer disease burden. This paper reviews the newly implemented school-based HPV vaccination programme in Singapore and the factors that led to its success.@*METHODS@#Fully subsidised HPV vaccinations were offered to all Secondary 1 female students on an opt-in basis, starting as a rollout dose in 2019. One-time catchup vaccination was also offered to female students in Secondary 2-5. Eligible recipients were identified using enrolment data provided by Ministry of Education schools. A total of 19,144 students across 139 schools were offered the rollout dose, and 20,854 students across 140 schools were offered the catchup doses.@*RESULTS@#High vaccine uptake rates of 80.6%-87.3% were noted with the introduction of the school-based programme, translating to high vaccine coverage of 90.3%-93.4%. Only a small proportion of students (1.5%-1.9% per cohort) opted out. The rate of reported side effects, which were commonly known effects, was low at one in 1000. Among the students who reported side effects, those who received the second vaccine dose did so uneventfully.@*CONCLUSION@#High HPV vaccine coverage was achieved after implementation of the school-based immunisation programme. Timely assessment of knowledge lapses and targeted intervention, strong partnerships with stakeholders, constant on-site adaptation and positive social influence contributed to its success. This model can be applied to future school health programmes.

Quantitative analysis of macular microcirculation changes in diabetic retinopathy patients by optical coherence tomography angiography / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the macular microcirculation changes in patients with diabetic retinopathy(DR)by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA), and correlate the risk factors that may affect the macular microcirculation, so as to provide a clinical basis for early screening, diagnosis and therapeutic intervention for DR.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 75 patients(75 eyes)with type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM)who came to the ophthalmology outpatient clinic and ward of Xi'an Central Hospital from May to October 2022 were collected, and the DM patients were further divided into non-DR(NDR)group, non-proliferative DR(NPDR)group and proliferative DR(PDR)group, with 28 eyes, 25 eyes and 22 eyes in each group respectively. OCTA was applied to perform a 3mm×3mm blood flow imaging scan of the macular retina to automatically obtain the vascular density(VD)of the superficial retinal macular foveal, the parafoveal(1～3mm), as well as the macular 3mm×3mm and the area of macular foveal avascular zone(FAZ). Furthermore, the alteration of these parameters in patients with different degrees of DR was analyzed.RESULTS: Compared with the NDR group, the VD of the 3mm×3mm superficial retinal capillary(SCP)in the macular region was decreased in both PDR and NPDR group(all P&#x003C;0.017), and the VD of the parafoveal was decreased in each quadrant(P&#x003C;0.017), with the most significant decrease in the PDR group. The FAZ area of patients in the PDR and NPDR groups was significantly larger than that in the NDR group(P&#x003C;0.017). Age, homocysteine, best corrected visual acuity(LogMAR), axial length and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)of patients with DR were negatively correlated with VD in the macular foveal(P&#x003C;0.05), while homocysteine, best corrected visual acuity(LogMAR), axial length, and the duration of diabetes were negatively correlated with VD in the macular 3mm×3mm(P&#x003C;0.05). Triglycerides, best corrected visual acuity(LogMAR), and HbA1c were negatively correlated with VD in the parafoveal(P&#x003C;0.05), while total cholesterol and central macular thickness had no significant correlation with VD(P&#x003E;0.05).CONCLUSION: The microcirculation changes in the macular area of DR patients can be monitored by OCTA, and the systemic condition of DR patients is closely related to their macular microcirculation.

Discussion on the moral culture construction of medical and health industry in China based on the circular cases of violating the " nine prohibitions" / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of the circular cases violating the " nine prohibitions" in recent years, so as to provide a basis for further strengthening the moral culture construction of the healthcare industry.Methods:Data came from the reported cases released on official websites of the discipline inspection committees, supervision committees and health committees at all levels in China from December 2013 to August 2021, which were identified by searching the keyword " case or report or moral culture and nine prohibitions" . Descriptive analysis and frequency analysis were conducted on the reported time, region and province, as well as the involved units, departments, persons, punishment results and case classification data of all the cases.Results:A total of 102 cases violating the " nine prohibitions" were included, of which the cases from 2014 to 2015 topped the rest, accounting for 51.96%(53 cases). Top three regions of these cases were central China, east China and southwest China, with 31 cases, 27 cases and 18 cases respectively. The units involved were mainly tertiary medical institutions, accounting for 44.12%(45 cases). More medical staff(134 people) than administrative staff(85 people) were involved in the cases. The largest number of cases was receiving kickbacks, with 52 cases(50.98%). The punishment results of cases included judicial procedures(76 people), Party discipline and government discipline punishment(67 people) and organizational punishment(76 people).Conclusions:Moral culture problem in China′s healthcare sector is characterized in wide coverage, complexity, comprehensiveness and long-term. Relevant authorities should keep up their efforts in enhancing the awareness of medical workers, improving the synergy mechanism in this regard, and strengthening the internal management of medical institutions.

Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Postmenopausal osteoporosis （PMOP） is a systemic disease characterized by increased bone fragility caused by insufficient estrogen secretion in women after menopause，resulting in decreased bone mass and damage to the microstructure of bone tissues. The main clinical manifestations are low back pain，osteoporotic fractures，spinal deformities，and multiple organ dysfunction. PMOP directly leads to high morbidity， high mortality， and a decline in the quality of life. In addition to miss diagnosis， it is often not treated in time. In recent years， significant progress has been made in the research on factors related to the pathogenesis of PMOP. Based on the previous findings in recent years，this article described three major pathogenesis of PMOP， including intestinal flora imbalance，oxidative stress，and abnormal differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMMSCs）， and analyzed the current status of PMOP treatment， such as syndrome differentiation and treatment，acupuncture and moxibustion，exercise therapy， and external treatment in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and basic measures，drug intervention，and physical therapy in western medicine. Among them，drug intervention in western medicine treatment is generally divided into bone resorption inhibitors，bone formation promoters，and other mechanism drugs according to the mechanism of action. This article summarized the specific methods and effects or mechanisms of TCM and western medicine in the clinical treatment of PMOP，which is expected to provide a reference for formulating reasonable health management models and drug treatments in the future.

Discussion on the performance reform of administrative and logistics personnel in a large public hospital / 中华医院管理杂志

Because the work of administrative and logistics personnel in public hospitals is difficult to quantify and evaluate, its performance reform is difficult. A large public hospital in Wuhan has explored and established a distribution incentive mechanism that combines department performance appraisal, individual classification and grading, and secondary distribution within the department. Taking into account the completion of performance appraisal indicators of the national tertiary public hospital in the department, the results of the institutional " Excellent Management Team Ranking" , personal job grades, working years and other factors, a relatively mature and operable system has been formed, which could provide reference for the performance reform of other hospitals.

The role and treatment strategies of ferroptosis in liver diseases / 药学学报

The discovery of regulatory cell death has led to new breakthroughs in the field of disease treatment. As a novel discovered regulatory cell death in the past decade, ferroptosis is characterized by abnormal increase of intracellular iron ions and peroxidative damage of cell membrane lipids, morphological features of mitochondrial volume reduction, increased mitochondrial membrane density, as well as mitochondria decrease or disappear. The mechanism of ferroptosis is mainly associated with factors such as iron metabolism disorder, lipid metabolism abnormality, amino acid antioxidant system imbalance and oxidative stress. Since the liver is the main organ of human body for storing iron ions, it is necessary to deeply investigate the mechanism of ferroptosis in liver diseases. Relevant studies have shown that ferroptosis plays different roles in various liver diseases and is closely related to the process of liver diseases, including drug-induced liver injury, alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this review is to link ferroptosis and liver diseases, concentrating on the iron metabolism disorder, accumulation of lipid peroxides in cell membranes, imbalance of amino acid antioxidant system, hyperpolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and its accumulation of lipid peroxides, oxidative stress-related transcription factors and other aspects. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanism, current situation and the roles of ferroptosis in liver diseases, in order to provide a new theoretical basis and ideas for the in-depth study of ferroptosis and the treatment of liver diseases.

A comparative study of artificial intelligence nasal polyp classification based on whole-slide imaging and JESREC diagnostic criteria / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To explore the types and clinical characteristics of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) based on artificial intelligence and whole-slide imaging (WSI), and to explore the consistency of the diagnostic criteria of the Japanese epidemiological survey of refractory eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (JESREC) in Chinese CRSwNP patients. Methods: The data of 136 patients with CRSwNP (101 males and 35 females, aging 14 to 70 years) who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery from 2018 to 2019 in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were analysed retrospectively. The preoperative clinical characteristics of patients were collected, such as visual analogue scale (VAS) of nasal symptoms, peripheral blood inflammatory cell count, total immunoglobulin E (IgE), Lund-Kennedy score and Lund-Mackay score. The proportion of inflammatory cells such as eosinophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells and neutrophils were calculated on the WSI of each patient through artificial intelligence chronic rhinosinusitis evaluation platform 2.0 (AICEP 2.0), and the specific type of nasal polyps was then obtained as eosinophilic CRSwNP (eCRSwNP) or non-eosinophilic CRSwNP (non-eCRSwNP). In addition, the JESREC diagnostic criteria was used to classify the nasal polyps, and the classification results were compared with the current gold standard for nasal polyps diagnosis (pathological diagnosis based on WSI). The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic criteria of JESREC were evaluated. The data were expressed in M (Q1, Q3) and statistically analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Results: There was no significant difference between eCRSwNP and non-eCRSwNP in age distribution, gender, time of onset, total VAS score, Lund-Kennedy score or Lund-Mackay score. However, there was a significant difference in the ratio of nasal polyp inflammatory cells (eosinophils 40.5% (22.8%, 54.7%) vs 2.5% (1.0%, 5.3%), neutrophils 0.3% (0.1%, 0.7%) vs 1.3% (0.5%, 3.6%), lymphocytes 49.9% (39.3%, 65.9%) vs 82.0% (72.8%, 87.5%), plasma cells 5.1% (3.6%, 10.5%) vs 13.0% (7.4%, 16.3%), χ2 value was 9.91, 4.66, 8.28, 5.06, respectively, all P<0.05). In addition, eCRSwNP had a significantly higher level of proportion of allergic symptoms (nasal itching and sneezing), asthma, peripheral blood eosinophil and total IgE (all P<0.05). The overall accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the JESREC diagnostic criteria was 74.3%, 81.3% and 64.3%, respectively. Conclusions: The eCRSwNP based on artificial intelligence and WSI has significant high level of allergic symptoms, asthma, peripheral blood eosinophils and total IgE, and the percentages of inflammatory cells in nasal polyps are different from that of non-eCRSwNP. The JESREC diagnostic criteria has good consistency in our research.

Melanoma in Singapore: A 20-year review of disease and treatment outcomes

INTRODUCTION@#Melanomas in Asians have different clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis from melanomas in Caucasians. This study reviewed the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of cutaneous melanoma diagnosed at a tertiary referral dermatology centre in Singapore, which has a multiracial population. The study also determined whether Asians had comparable relapse-free and overall survival periods to Caucasians in Singapore.@*METHOD@#This is a retrospective review of cutaneous melanoma cases in our centre between 1996 and 2015.@*RESULTS@#Sixty-two cases of melanoma were diagnosed in 61 patients: 72.6% occurred in Chinese, 19.4% in Caucasians and 3.2% in Indians, with an over-representation of Caucasians. Superficial spreading melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma and nodular melanoma comprised 37.1%, 35.5% and 22.6% of the cases, respectively. The median time interval to diagnosis was longer in Asians than Caucasians; median Breslow's thickness in Asians were significantly thicker than in Caucasians (2.6mm versus 0.9mm, @*CONCLUSION@#More physician and patient education on skin cancer awareness is needed in our Asian-predominant population for better outcomes.

Impact of different myopia degree on sleep quality among adolescents in Baoshan District / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of myopia and sleep quality among adolescents in Baoshan District of Shanghai, and to further analyze the association between different degree of myopia on sleep quality.@*Methods@#A total of 777 adolescents aged 9-16 years were selected by stratified cluster random method, and ophthalmology examination and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Chinese version scale and related factors questionnaire were conducted.@*Results@#The prevalence rates of myopia and sleep disorders were 68.08% and 13.77% respectively in Baoshan District of Shanghai. With the increase of age and grade, the prevalence of myopia and sleep disorder increased(χ 2=139.58, 114.17；58.00, 56.41, P＜0.01).There were significant differences in sleep disorders among different degree of myopia groups (χ 2=24.57,P<0.01), including sleep time, progressive function and PSQI total score were statistically significant (F=9.65, 7.22, 4.38, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that moderate to high and high myopia were risk factors for sleep quality of adolescents (β=0.87, 0.95, OR=2.38, 2.59, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The prevalence of myopia and sleep disorder among adolescents in Baoshan District of Shanghai is high, myopia shows impacts on sleep quality of adolescents at a certain level. Adolescents with high myopia have a higher risk of sleep disorders.

Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis Analysis of Pediatric Severe Aplastic Anemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical characteristics and factors affecting prognosis in children with severe aplastic anemia (SAA).@*METHODS@#Two hundred and five children with SAA treated in our department from January 2008 to April 2018 were selected, and the clinical characteristics and factors affecting prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 205 SAA children, the effective rate (CR+PR) at 3, 6 and 12 months after immunosuppressive therapy (IST) treatment was 50.9%, 59.0% and 73.9%, respectively, and 5-year overall survival rate was 93.1%±2.0%. Univariate analysis showed that 5-year overall survival rate of SAA children of spontaneous delivery was higher than that of cesarean section (P=0.039), while multivariate analysis showed that birth way had no significant influence on 5-year overall survival rate (P>0.05). The response rate at 3 months after IST of children with a recent history of decoration before SAA onset was higher than those without history of decoration (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Most of the SAA children can achieve high response rate and overall survival rate. Patients with recent history of home/school decoration may be the factor affecting hematological response after 3 months of IST, but have no influence on long-term overall survival.

Analysis of adverse reactions of Xianling Gubao preparation based on real world SRS data / 中国中药杂志

From January 1, 2004 to July 21, 2016 a total of 2 796 cases of adverse drug reaction/adverse event(ADR/AE) after the use of Xianling Gubao Capsules/Tablets were reported by National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center. The following results were obtained by analyzing the reports of 2 796 cases of adverse drug reactions/adverse drug events after the use of Xianling Gubao Capsules/Tablets. A total of 75 patients, accounting for 2.68% of the total ADR/AE time, had severe ADR/AE events. Among them, 30 patients were aged 65 and above, accounting for 40.00% of the total number of severe ADR/AE patients. All the patients with ADR/AE were aged 45-64 years, which totaled 1 346 cases and took up 48.14% of the total patients with ADR/AE. All of ADR/AE cases and severe ADR/AE cases were orally given Xianling Gubao Capsules/Tablets. Females accounted for 52.50% and 76.00%, respectively, and the proportion of females was significantly higher than that of males. Among patients with a medical history of ADR/AE, severe ADR/AE was higher than the average, accounting for about 1.33%. The proportion of cases orally given 1-3 tablets of Xianling Gubao Capsules/Tablets in all ADR/AE cases and severe ADR/AE cases was 95.32% and 96.00%, which conformed to the usage in the package insert. All ADR/AE cases and severe ADR/AE cases orally given Xianling Gubao Capsules/Tablets twice daily occupied the highest proportions, or 77.00% and 61.00%, respectively. The proportion of severe ADR/AE cases orally given Xianling Gubao Capsules/Tablets was slightly higher than that of all ADR/AE cases in the medication frequency, which didn't conform to the usage in the package insert. All the symptoms of ADR/AE orally given Xianling Gubao Capsules showed many manifestations, and the top 10 symptoms were nausea, rash, itching, stomach dysfunction, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, diarrhea, anaphylaxis, and reflux heartburn. The symptoms of severe ADR/AE after oral administration of Xianling Gubao Capsules were varied, and the top 10 symptoms were abnormal liver function, rash, suffocation, itching, dizziness, vomiting, anaphylaxis, abdominal pain, weakness, and convulsions. Abnormal liver function accounted for 44.12%. All of ADR/AE cases occurred within 2 days after oral administration of Xianling Gubao Capsules/Tablets, accounting for 54.26%. Severe ADR/AE occurred within 2 days after the use of Xianling Gubao Capsules/Tablets, accounting for 25.34%. The proportion of ADR/AE cases occurring within 15 days after oral administration of Xianling Gubao Capsules/Tablets increased again(57.33%). The overall trend contained two peaks.

Analysis of visual loss after non-ocular surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#Visual loss after non-ocular surgery(VLNOS)includes postoperative visual loss and perioperative visual loss after non-ocular surgery. The former accident consists of the blindness during a surgery or after a surgery, and the latter accident shows the acute visual loss in perioperative period. VLNOS can be appeared in a prone spinal surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, head and neck surgery, and facial micro-plastic injection treatment, which is a rare, extremely serious complication. VLNOS is divided into predictable and unpredictable condition. Doctors of related subjects have pay attention to VLNOS, and begin to study the possible reasons, and take positive precautions.

Practical Considerations for Converting Operating Rooms and Post-anaesthesia Care Units into Intensive Care Units in the COVID-19 Pandemic - Experience from a Large Singapore Tertiary Hospital

COVID-19 has spread globally, infecting and killing millions of people worldwide. The use of operating rooms (ORs) and the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) for intensive care is part of surge response planning. We aim to describe and discuss some of the practical considerations involved in a large tertiary hospital in Singapore. Firstly, considerations for setting up a level III intensive care unit (ICU) include that of space, staff, supplies and standards. Secondly, oxygen supply of the entire hospital is a major determinant of the number of ventilators it can support, including those on non-invasive forms of oxygen therapy. Thirdly, air flows due to positive pressure systems within the OR complex need to be addressed. In addition, due to the worldwide shortage of ICU ventilators, the US Food and Drug Administration has granted temporary approval for the use of anaesthesia gas machines for patients requiring mechanical ventilation. Lastly, planning of logistics and staff deployment needs to be carefully considered during a crisis. Although OR and PACU are not designed for long-term care of critically ill patients, they may be adapted for ICU use with careful planning in the current pandemic.

Analysis of online public sentiment characteristics and response of public hospitals since the outbreak of COVID-19 / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To analyze the current situation and characteristics of online public sentiments faced by public hospitals since the outbreak of COVID-19, and provide suggestions for coping strategies for such hospitals.Methods:The data of " trending topic" or " Trending hash tag" of " Wuhan Union Hospital" and " anti-epidemic" were captured on three mainstream new media platforms, namely Sina Microblog, Tik Tok and Headline Today with the help of data analysis tools of Sina and online data statistical software from December 2019 to February 2020. Content analysis method was used to analyze the occurrence frequency, time distribution and development trend of public sentiment on Internet.Results:Under the epidemic of COVID-19, public hospitals faced an exponential growth of online public sentiment. The cumulative total number of searches was 72 119 802 tens of thousands of that before the epidemic. The transmission showed fragmentation of content, instantaneous speed and higher attention to negative information, which brought great challenges for public hospitals.Conclusions:The high participation of online discussion of COVID-19 is unprecedented. Thus public hospitals should attach importance to the work related to online public sentiment, and establish corresponding coping mechanism for response.

Clinical features and prognosis of core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical features and prognosis of core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML) in children.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed from the chart review data of children who were newly diagnosed with CBF-AML in the Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, from August 2009 to November 2015. According to the type of fusion gene, the children were divided into CBFB-MYH11 and AML1-ETO groups. Clinical features and prognosis were analyzed and compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#A total of 91 children with CBF-AML were enrolled in this study, among whom there were 74 (81%) in the AML1-ETO group and 17 (19%) in the CBFB-MYH11 group. Additional chromosomal abnormalities were observed in 38 children (42%), and deletion of sex chromosome was the most common abnormality and was observed in 28 children (31%). After the first course of induction treatment, the complete remission rate was 97% (88/91), the recurrence rate was 29% (26/91), the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rate was 65%±6%, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 75%±5%. There were no significant differences between the AML1-ETO and CBFB-MYH11 groups in 5-year EFS rate (62%±7% vs 77%±11%, P>0.05) or 5-year OS rate (72%±6% vs 88%±9%, P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#AML1-ETO is the main type of fusion gene in children with CBF-AML, and deletion of sex chromosome is the most common type of additional chromosomal abnormalities. Children with CBF-AML often have a good prognosis, and the children with AML1-ETO have a similar prognosis to those with CBFB-MYH11.

Recombinant human calcineurin B inhibits orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma xenograt growth in mice by promoting apoptosis

Objective: To explore the effects of recombinant human calcineurin B (rhCNB) on hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. Methods: An in vivo mouse model with hepatocellular carcinoma was established, and the mice were randomized into the rhCNB, positive control and vehicle treatments groups. Tumor growth was assessed via bioluminescence using a small animal imaging system. Relative tumor proliferation rate and tumor growth inhibition were calculated. The expression of p53 and caspase-9 proteins in tumors were detected by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, flow cytometry was used to quantify the cell-cycle stages and rate of apoptosis. Western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR assays were used to evaluate the effects of rhCNB on protein and gene expression of CDK1, cyclin B1, p53 and caspase-9. Results: rhCNB at the higher dose significantly reduced tumor growth in vivo and caused tumor cell apoptosis in vitro. The rhCNB at the higher dose was as effective as cisplatin, and was safer. Conclusions: rhCNB has potent pro-apoptotic effects on tumor cells in vivo and in vitro and is well tolerated in vivo.

Predictive Value of Blood Eosinophil in Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps in Guangdong Adults / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】To investigate the predictive value of blood eosinophil in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps（eosCRSwNP）by analyzing the characteristics of eosCRSwNP adult patients in Guangdong Province， China.【Method】From Oct.2017 to Sep.2018，a total of 108 eosCRSwNP adult inpatients scheduled for surgery in Department of Otorhinolaryngology，Head and Neck Surgery，The Third Affiliated Hospital，Sun Yat-sen University were enrolled. They were divided into eosCRSwNP（n = 39） and non-eosCRSwNP（n = 69） group by the pathologic features. The demographic and clinical features were collected and compared.【Results】The eosCRSwNP group accounted for 36.1% while non-eosCRSwNP group accounted for 63.9% in our study. A higher prevalence of allergic rhinitis，asthma and higher blood IgE level，bilateral Lund-Mackay score of posterior ethmoid sinus，ethmoid to maxillary Lund-Mackay score ratio， peripheral blood eosinophil absolute count and percentage and peripheral blood basophil absolute count and percentage were found in eosCRSwNP patients. Only peripheral blood eosinophil absolute count and percentage were independent predictors of eosCRSwNP. The cutoff absolute value of 0.275×109/L demonstrated a sensitivity of 74.4% and a specificity of 72.5% while the cutoff relative value of 4.32% demonstrated a sensitivity of 74.4% and a specificity of 73.9%.【Conclusion】Non-eosCRSwNP was predominant in Guangdong. EosCRSwNP differs from non-eosCRSwNP in many clinical features，while peripheral blood eosinophil count and percentage were independent predictors of eosCRSwNP.

Spatio-temporal analysis and short-term prediction of the incidence of dysentery in China / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective The aim is to analyze the spatial-temporal correlation of dysentery incidence in 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 2004 to 2016, and to predict the short-term incidence of dysentery in China. Methods Data about the incidence of dysentery from 2004 to 2016 was collected. Arcgis and Geoda were used to create visualized grading maps and analyze spatial correlation. The auto-regressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA)was used to predict the incidence of dysentery in 2017 and evaluate the prediction accuracy of the model. Results The incidence of dysentery in China declined with each passing year from 2004 to 2016. The incidence of dysentery in the western region was significantly higher than the eastern region, except high incidence rate in Beijing and Tianjin. There was no significantly global correlation in the incidence rate, but there was local aggregation. Qinghai had turned from high-level aggregation to low-level accumulation. Inner Mongolia and Shanxi had changed from no local aggregation to low-high accumulation. Shaanxi has long been high-high, and the southeast coastal areas had been low-low accumulation for a long time. The optimal model ARIMA (1,0,0) (2,1,1)12 was established to predict the incidence of dysentery, and the prediction results were roughly consistent with the observations. Conclusion The incidence of dysentery from 2004 to 2016 is not spatially mobile but clustered. The incidence of dysentery in Beijing, Tianjin, Shaanxi and most of the western regions is severe. The ARIMA model is suitable for forecasting the incidence of short-term dysentery. And our analysis may help prevent and control the incidence of dysentery in China.

Clinical study on mild moxibustion for knee osteoarthritis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of mild moxibustion for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to explore the role of mild moxibustion in relieving pain,reducing stiffness and improving joint dysfunction in patients with KOA.Methods:Eighty patients with KOA were randomly allocated into either a moxibustion group or a medication group by the random number table,with 40 cases in each group.The moxibustion group used mild moxibustion at Neixiyan (EX-LE 5),Dubi (ST 35),Xuehai (SP 10) and Liangqiu (ST 34),30 min each time,3 times a week;the medication group was given celecoxib capsule (celebrex),0.2 g each time,once a day.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks.The visual analog scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC)scores were evaluated before and after treatment.The efficacy of the two groups was compared after treatment.Results:After treatment,the overall efficacy of the moxibustion group was significantly different from that of the medication group (P＜0.05).The VAS and WOMAC scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment (both P＜0.01).The changes in the VAS and WOMAC scores after treatment in the moxibustion group were significantly different from those in the medication group (both P＜0.05).After treatment,in single item of WOMAC,the changes in pain and joint dysfunction in the moxibustion group were more statistically significant than those in the medication group (both P＜0.05).Conclusion:Mild moxibustion and oral celebrex can reduce the VAS and WOMAC scores of patients with KOA.Mild moxibustion is superior to oral celebrex in relieving pain and improving joint function.